Tools

Tools are the action layer that lets Agents move beyond reasoning into real-world execution.

Function-calling

• The model outputs structured JSON matching predefined schemas, the runtime executes it, and results feed back into context.

• MCP (Model Context Protocol) is emerging as a standard for connecting agents to external services.

Current state

• Authorization and safety remain problems: granting agents write access to email, financial APIs, or production systems carries real risk, and sandboxing is still primitive.
• Agents struggle to select the right tool from large libraries. This also contributes to higher cost due to large context usage.